{"id":1714,"date":"2024-06-12T10:44:22","date_gmt":"2024-06-12T08:44:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/2024\/06\/12\/l-administration-de-substances-nuisibles-copy\/"},"modified":"2024-07-03T11:37:26","modified_gmt":"2024-07-03T09:37:26","slug":"la-menace","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/2024\/06\/12\/la-menace\/","title":{"rendered":"Threats"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-cover alignfull\" style=\"min-height:380px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-ast-global-color-1-background-color has-background-dim-20 has-background-dim\"><\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1441\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-1637\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/dmitrij-paskevic-YjVa-F9P9kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/dmitrij-paskevic-YjVa-F9P9kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/dmitrij-paskevic-YjVa-F9P9kk-unsplash-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/dmitrij-paskevic-YjVa-F9P9kk-unsplash-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/dmitrij-paskevic-YjVa-F9P9kk-unsplash-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/dmitrij-paskevic-YjVa-F9P9kk-unsplash-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/dmitrij-paskevic-YjVa-F9P9kk-unsplash-2048x1153.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\">\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-white-color has-text-color\" style=\"font-size:65px\">Threats<\/h1>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\"><br>Threatening to commit a felony or a violent misdemeanour against another person is an offence punishable under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/section_lc\/LEGITEXT000006070719\/LEGISCTA000006181752\/#LEGISCTA000006181752\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/section_lc\/LEGITEXT000006070719\/LEGISCTA000006181752\/#LEGISCTA000006181752\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Articles 222-17 and 222-18 of the French Criminal Code<\/a>, whether the threat is made on its own or accompanied by an order to fulfil a condition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"1\">\n<li><strong>The Physical Element of the Offence of Making Threats<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For conduct to constitute a criminal threat, the perpetrator must threaten to commit a felony or a misdemeanour against an identifiable or identifiable-to-be person.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The threat may take any of the following forms:&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A threat to a person's physical integrity, such as threats of violence, death, torture, rape, or similar offences.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A threat against property, such as threatening to destroy or damage another person's belongings.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It may be accompanied by a demand to perform a particular act (a form of blackmail, for example, <em>\"if you do not do X, I will do Y\"<\/em>) or it may be made without any condition.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The threat must satisfy the following conditions:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Either be repeated, meaning that it is made on at least two separate occasions;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Or be evidenced by a writing, an image, or any other object, such as an email.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thus, where the threat is not embodied in a tangible medium, it may be made verbally or through gestures, provided that it is sufficiently clear and unequivocal and is repeated. Where the threat is embodied in a tangible medium, it does not need to be repeated.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In all cases, the threat must be serious and capable of causing genuine fear in the victim. The courts assess the seriousness of the threat <em>in concreto<\/em>, meaning that they take into account the specific circumstances of each case.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>The Mental Element of the Offence of Making Threats<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The perpetrator must intentionally make the threat, with the aim of causing the victim to feel fear.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Penalties&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A threat to commit a felony or a misdemeanour is punishable by six months' imprisonment and a fine of \u20ac7,500.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Where the threat is made together with an order to fulfil a condition, it is punishable by three years' imprisonment and a fine of \u20ac45,000.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Where the threat is a death threat, the penalties increase to three years' imprisonment and a fine of \u20ac45,000 where no condition is imposed, and to five years' imprisonment and a fine of \u20ac75,000 where the threat is accompanied by an order to fulfil a condition.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">Where the offence is committed by the victim's spouse, cohabiting partner, or civil partner under a PACS (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000039778308\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000039778308\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Article 222-18-3 of the French Criminal Code<\/a>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A simple threat is punishable by three years' imprisonment and a fine of \u20ac45,000.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A threat accompanied by an order to fulfil a condition is punishable by five years' imprisonment and a fine of \u20ac75,000.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A simple death threat is punishable by five years' imprisonment and a fine of \u20ac75,000.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A death threat accompanied by an order to fulfil a condition is punishable by seven years' imprisonment and a fine of \u20ac100,000.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Where the offence is committed against persons performing public, security, judicial, educational, or healthcare functions, a simple threat is punishable by three years' imprisonment and a fine of \u20ac45,000. The penalties increase depending on the seriousness of the threats made.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">Threats made with the intention of inducing the victim of a felony or misdemeanour not to file a criminal complaint, or to withdraw one, are punishable by three years' imprisonment and a fine of \u20ac45,000, pursuant to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006418610\/2000-04-13#:~:text=Toutemenaceoutoutautre,300000Fd&apos;amende.\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006418610\/2000-04-13#:~:text=Toutemenaceoutoutautre,300000Fd&apos;amende.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Article 434-5 of the French Criminal Code<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">Finally, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000026812314\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000026812314\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Article 421-2-4 of the French Criminal Code<\/a> provides that threatening a person in order to compel them to join a terrorist group or to commit an act of terrorism is punishable by ten years' imprisonment and a fine of \u20ac150,000.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Your Criminal Defense with Ma\u00eetre Lois Pamela LESOT<\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">Are you a victim of, or accused in, a case involving criminal threats? <br>Consult a lawyer: Ma\u00eetre Lois Pamela LESOT \u2013 +33 6 52 02 54 42 \u2013 <a href=\"mailto:lesot@loispamelalesot.com\" target=\"_self\">lesot@loispamelalesot.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">The firm regularly represents and advises both victims and individuals accused in cases involving criminal threats, as well as in relation to a wide range of other criminal offences, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/2023\/07\/21\/le-chantage\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/2023\/07\/21\/le-chantage\/\" target=\"_self\">blackmail<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/2023\/11\/29\/abus-de-faiblesse\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/2023\/11\/29\/abus-de-faiblesse\/\" target=\"_self\">abuse of vulnerability<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">If you wish to file a criminal complaint in relation to threats, you can read <a href=\"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/2023\/01\/23\/la-plainte-penale\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/2023\/01\/23\/la-plainte-penale\/\" target=\"_self\">this article<\/a>. <br>If you are accused of making threats, you can prepare for police custody (<em>garde \u00e0 vue<\/em>) by reading <a href=\"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/2023\/04\/04\/la-garde-a-vue\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/2023\/04\/04\/la-garde-a-vue\/\" target=\"_self\">this article<\/a>, and for a voluntary police interview by reading <a href=\"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/2024\/06\/21\/l-audition-libre\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/2024\/06\/21\/l-audition-libre\/\" target=\"_self\">this article<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>Article published: 12 June 2024 | By Lois Pamela LESOT<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p class=\"translation-block\"><br>Threatening to commit a felony or a violent misdemeanour against another person is an offence punishable under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/section_lc\/LEGITEXT000006070719\/LEGISCTA000006181752\/#LEGISCTA000006181752\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/section_lc\/LEGITEXT000006070719\/LEGISCTA000006181752\/#LEGISCTA000006181752\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Articles 222-17 and 222-18 of the French Criminal Code<\/a>, whether the threat is made on its own or accompanied by an order to fulfil a condition.<\/p>\n<p>A simple threat is punishable by 6 months\u2019 imprisonment and a fine of \u20ac7,500, and the penalties are increased in the event of aggravating circumstances (where the threat is accompanied by an order to fulfil a condition, where it is made by a spouse, cohabiting partner or civil union partner, etc.).<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1717,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"plain-container","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"enabled","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-droit-penal"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1714","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1714"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1714\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1791,"href":"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1714\/revisions\/1791"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1717"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1714"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1714"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.loispamelalesot.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1714"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}